Interoperability gateway for land mobile radio system

ABSTRACT

Disclosed is an interoperability gateway system that provides backup connection between a dispatch center and a Land Mobile Radio (LMR) system in the event the dispatch center is disconnected from the LMR system. In general, this may be accomplished by providing an RF link between the disconnected site and the interoperability gateway via a controller, or interoperability site network interface (ISNI), that is activated when the dispatch center is disconnected from the LMR system. The interoperability gateway provides the backup connection by allocating a control station for each channel available at the disconnected LMR system. When compared to conventional dispatch console backup schemes, the disclosed interoperability gateway system greatly reduces the equipment needed to provide dispatch console backup, thereby decreasing equipment and operation costs, and simplifying operation by providing a solution that is virtually transparent to the dispatcher.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of and claims the benefit of U.S.patent application Ser. No. 15/786,476, entitled “InteroperabilityGateway for Land Mobile Radio System,” filed Oct. 17, 2017, and namingArindam Roy, Brandon Hudson Yarbrough, Jon Bartosch, and Steven Newmanas inventors, which is a continuation of and claims the benefit of, U.S.Pat. No. 9,800,460, entitled “Interoperability Gateway for Land MobileRadio System,” filed Jul. 31, 2015, and naming Arindam Roy, BrandonHudson Yarbrough, Jon Bartosch, and Steven Newman as inventors, which isa non-provisional of and claims priority to U.S. Provisional PatentApplication Ser. No. 62/032,376, entitled “Interoperability Gateway forLand Mobile Radio System,” filed Aug. 1, 2014, and naming Arindam Roy,Brandon Hudson Yarbrough, Jon Bartosch, and Steven Newman as inventors,the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in theirentirety.

FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to Land Mobile Radio (LMR)communication systems. More specifically, but not by way of limitation,the present disclosure relates to a system for providing backupconnection between a dispatch center and an LMR system in the event thedispatch center is disconnected from the LMR system.

BACKGROUND

The statements in this section merely provide background informationrelated to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.

Land Mobile Radio (LMR) systems are deployed by organizations requiringinstant communication between geographically dispersed and mobilepersonnel. Current LMR systems can be configured to provide for radiocommunications between one or more sites and subscriber radio units inthe field. A subscriber radio unit (hereinafter “radio”) may be a mobileunit or a portable unit. LMR systems can be as simple as two radio unitscommunicating between themselves over preset channels, or they can becomplex systems that include hundreds of radio units and multiple sites.Typical users of LMR systems include police departments, firedepartments, medical personnel, security personnel, EMS, and themilitary.

LMR systems are usually connected to a dispatch center, which providesfunctionality for call routing and interoperability between varioussystems and devices. FIG. 1 illustrates an example embodiment of adispatch center 110 deployed in an LMR system, wherein the dispatchcenter 110 hosts multiple consoles 115, a gateway 120, and controlstation 125. The dispatch center 110 maintains a wired connection 130 toan LMR system 100 comprising one or more LMR sites 135. Radios 140communicate at the LMR site 135 over radio frequency (RF) connections145, and calls are passed to the consoles 115 over the wired connection130 between the LMR system 100 and dispatch center 110.

If the wired connection 130 is lost, the radio calls are not received bythe consoles 115. Therefore, as backup, a gateway 120 is deployed in thedispatch center 110, wherein the gateway 120 is connected to a radio orcontrol station 125 that is capable of communicating on the system 100with a particular TalkGroup. A dispatcher, upon recognizing beingdisconnected from the system 100, instructs the control station 125 tooperate on a particular TalkGroup. The control station 125, through thegateway 120, provides the dispatcher a wireless connection 150 to usersof the particular TalkGroup. As such, the dispatcher has access to theLMR system 100 via a wireless connection 150 for only the particularTalkGroup provided by the gateway 120 and control station 125.

The gateway 120 and control station 125 are capable of providing adispatcher access to only one TalkGroup. Thus, to provide access to theLMR system 100 for each TalkGroup supported by the system 100, anadditional gateway 120 and control station 125 is needed to support eachadditional TalkGroup, thereby substantially increasing operation andequipment costs. For example, to support each TalkGroup for a systemhaving twelve channels and 100 TalkGroups, the dispatch center wouldrequire deployment of 100 gateways and 100 control stations to providefull backup console functionality. Furthermore, each gateway/controlstation combination is configured as a separate TalkGroup on thedispatch console 115 to distinguish them from active TalkGroupsmaintained between the consoles 115 and system 100, thereby increasingcomplexity and occupying valuable screen space on the dispatcher'sconsole 115.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides an interoperability gateway system andmethod for providing seamless backup connection between a dispatchcenter and an LMR system.

In one embodiment the present disclosure provides a gateway system forproviding backup connection between a dispatch center and a Land MobileRadio (LMR) system when the dispatch center is disconnected from the LMRsystem, the gateway system comprising: a controller configured to detectthe disconnection between the dispatch center and the LMR system; aplurality of control stations coupled to the controller via an IPnetwork, wherein each of the control stations are configured toestablish a communication link between the dispatch center and thedisconnected LMR system; wherein the controller is further configuredto, in response to detecting the disconnection, allocate a first one ofthe plurality of control stations as a control channel for thedisconnected LMR system, and allocate a second one of the plurality ofcontrol stations as a voice channel for communicating with thedisconnected LMR system over the voice channel.

In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides a system forproviding backup connection between a dispatch center and a Land MobileRadio (LMR) system when the dispatch center is disconnected from the LMRsystem, the system comprising: a controller configured to detect thedisconnection between the dispatch center and the LMR system; two ormore control stations coupled to the controller via an IP network,wherein at least one of the two or more control stations is configuredto establish a communication link between the dispatch center and thedisconnected LMR system; wherein the controller is further configuredto, in response to detecting the disconnection, allocate a first one ofthe two or more control stations as a control channel for thedisconnected LMR system, and allocate a second one of the two or morecontrol stations as a voice channel for communicating with thedisconnected LMR system over the voice channel.

In yet another embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method forproviding backup connection between a dispatch center and a Land MobileRadio (LMR) system when the dispatch center is disconnected from the LMRsystem, the method comprising: detecting, via a controller, thedisconnection between the dispatch center and the LMR system;establishing, via at least one of a plurality of control stations, acommunication link between the dispatch center and the disconnected LMRsystem; and allocating, via the controller in response to detecting thedisconnection, a first one of the plurality of control stations as acontrol channel for the disconnected LMR system, and a second one of theplurality of control stations as a voice channel for communicating withthe disconnected LMR system over the voice channel.

Further embodiments and apparatuses, including other areas ofapplicability, will become apparent from the description providedherein. It should be understood that the description and specificexamples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are notintended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any manner.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a more complete understanding of various embodiments of the presentdisclosure and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to thefollowing brief description, taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings and detailed description, wherein like reference numeralsrepresent like parts, and in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates an example embodiment of a dispatch center deployedin an LMR system;

FIG. 2 illustrates an example embodiment wherein the disclosedinteroperability gateway is hosted at various dispatch centers connectedvia an IP network to an LMR system having one or more LMR sites;

FIG. 3 illustrates the example embodiment shown in FIG. 2, wherein oneof the dispatch centers is disconnected from the LMR system;

FIG. 4 illustrates an example embodiment wherein the interoperabilitygateway is implemented in the backup console mode of operation toprovide a connection between a dispatch center and an LMR system whenthe dispatch center loses its wired connection to the LMR system;

FIG. 5 illustrates an example embodiment wherein the interoperabilitygateway is implemented to provide interoperability between a trunkingLMR system and a P25 console system;

FIG. 6 illustrates an example embodiment wherein the interoperabilitygateway is implemented to provide interoperability between a trunkingLMR system and a P25 LMR system; and

FIG. 7 illustrates an example flow diagram of a method for providingbackup connection between a dispatch center and a Land Mobile Radio(LMR) system when the dispatch center is disconnected from the LMRsystem.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following detailed description and the attached drawings,numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thoroughunderstanding of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in theart will appreciate that the present disclosure may be practiced, insome instances, without such specific details. In other instances,well-known elements have been illustrated in schematic or block diagramform in order not to obscure the present disclosure in unnecessarydetail. Additionally, for the most part, specific details, and the like,have been omitted inasmuch as such details are not considered necessaryto obtain a complete understanding of the present disclosure, and areconsidered to be within the understanding of persons of ordinary skillin the relevant art.

It is further noted that, unless indicated otherwise, all functionsdescribed herein may be performed in hardware or as softwareinstructions for enabling a computer, radio or other device to performpredetermined operations, where the software instructions are embodiedon a computer readable storage medium, such as RAM, a hard drive, flashmemory or other type of computer readable storage medium known to aperson of ordinary skill in the art. In certain embodiments, thepredetermined operations of the computer, radio or other device areperformed by a processor such as a computer or an electronic dataprocessor in accordance with code such as computer program code,software, firmware, and, in some embodiments, integrated circuitry thatis coded to perform such functions. Furthermore, it should be understoodthat various operations described herein as being performed by a usermay be operations manually performed by the user, or may be automatedprocesses performed either with or without instruction provided by theuser.

The present disclosure provides an interoperability gateway system andmethod capable of providing functionality for communicating between LMRsystems. For example, the interoperability gateway may convert a voicetype or call type from one LMR system to a voice type or call typesuitable for another LMR system, wherein the LMR systems may be of sametypes or different types. Examples of such LMR system types may includeE F Johnson's ATLAS® P25 system, other P25 systems, conventional LMRsystems, trunking LMR systems, hybrid LMR systems, wide area systemssuch as simulcast LMR systems and multicast LMR systems, and other LMRsystems.

In some embodiments, the interoperability gateway system and methodprovides backup dispatch console functionality between a dispatch centerand an LMR system in the event the dispatch center is disconnected fromthe LMR system. In general, this may be accomplished by providing an RFlink between the disconnected site and the interoperability gateway viaa controller, or interoperability site network interface (ISNI), that isactivated when the dispatch center is disconnected from the LMR system.As discussed in greater detail below, the interoperability gatewayprovides the backup connection by allocating a control station for eachchannel (rather than for each TalkGroup) available at the disconnectedLMR system. When compared to conventional dispatch console backupschemes, the disclosed interoperability gateway system and methodgreatly reduces the equipment needed to provide dispatch console backup,thereby decreasing equipment and operation costs, and simplifyingoperation by providing a solution that is virtually transparent to thedispatcher.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example embodiment wherein the disclosedinteroperability gateway 200 is hosted at various dispatch centers 210connected via an Internet Protocol (IP) network 215 to an LMR system 220having one or more LMR sites 225. The dispatch centers 210 maintain awired connection to the LMR system 220 through the IP network 215.Radios 235 communicate at the LMR site 225 over RF connections 240, andcalls are passed to the dispatch centers 210 over the IP network 215.

Each dispatch center 210 further includes one or more dispatch consoles230, which are connected to the local interoperability gateway 200.Dispatchers conduct call operations from the consoles 230, which includeorganizing calls using the TalkGroups assigned to users of the LMRsystem 220. Specifically, the dispatchers originate or receive calls onparticular TalkGroups configured on the dispatch console 230 and via theIP network 215. The calls on the Talkgroups are placed on the LMR system220 through an assignment of an RF channel to communicate with the LMRsite 225 over RF connection 240. While the dispatchers may communicateon hundreds of TalkGroups, one call can be placed through a channel at atime, thereby limiting the number of simultaneous calls that can beplaced on LMR system 220.

In the configuration illustrated in FIG. 2, the LMR system 220 is fullyoperational and the dispatch centers 210 are connected to the system 220via the IP network 215. As such, the interoperability gateway 200 isinactive because it is not transmitting or processing any calls.However, although inactive, the interoperability gateway 200 may stillreceive calls transmitted from the system 220 through both controlstations and a wired connection through the IP network 215.

Referring now to FIG. 3, when a connection failure 300 occurs between adispatch center 210A and the LMR system 220, the interoperabilitygateway 200A at the disconnected dispatch center 210A detects thedisconnection and becomes active to establish an RF connection 310between the disconnected dispatch center 210A and the LMR system 220. Atthis point, the dispatchers operating the consoles 230A cannot accessthe LMR system 220 through the wired IP network connection 215.Nevertheless, the dispatchers are able to reuse the same TalkGroupspresent on their console 230A at the time the connection failed, toseamlessly transition to communication with the LMR system 220 throughthe interoperability gateway 200A. Activation of the interoperabilitygateway 200A is automatic, and the dispatchers continue to use theirTalkGroup resources that they were using during the wired connectionthrough IP network 215. As such, the switching from the wired connectionto the wireless connection provided by the interoperability gateway 200Aoccurs seamlessly without dispatcher intervention or interruption.

As explained in greater detail below, any calls originated from the LMRsystem 220 are received by the interoperability gateway 200A via the RFconnection 310, and are passed to the consoles 230A at the dispatchcenter 210A. Conversely, any calls that originate from the dispatchcenter 210A are sent via the interoperability gateway 200A over the RFconnection 310 to be placed on the LMR system 220. Thus, theinteroperability gateway 200A provides a virtually transparent solution,because it facilitates the continued communication with the LMR system220 via the TalkGroups displayed on the consoles 230A with little or nointerruption to the dispatcher.

It should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the equipmentcomprising the interoperability gateway 200 may not be housed entirely,or in part, at the dispatch center 210, but may instead be separated anddisposed at locations in the LMR system that are separate and apart fromthe dispatch console 210. It should also be appreciated that, in someembodiments, the interoperability gateway 200 may incorporate adistributed LMR architecture, such as that disclosed in U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 14/217,150, entitled “Distributed SimulcastArchitecture” and incorporated herein by reference for all purposes,wherein the interoperability gateway 200 operates as an LMR site 225 inthe LMR system 220.

Operation of the disclosed interoperability gateway backup consolefunctionality is now described with reference to FIG. 4. FIG. 4illustrates an example embodiment wherein the interoperability gateway400 is implemented in the backup console mode of operation to provide aconnection 405 between a dispatch center 410 and an LMR system 420 (alsoreferred to herein as the “connected LMR system”) when the dispatchcenter 410 loses its wired connection to the LMR system 420. In someembodiments, the interoperability gateway 400 may include a router toprovide IP connectivity, one or more gateway controllers 450 to providecall control, a set of control stations 425 to provide RF connection tothe LMR system 420, and one or more power supplies to provide power. Insome embodiments, the interoperability gateway 400 may includeadditional control stations 425 and/or controllers 450 to provideredundancy in case of equipment failure.

In the example embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, the LMR system 420 is atwelve-channel simulcast LMR system capable of supporting hundreds ofTalkGroups while utilizing one control channel and up to eleven voicechannels at a given moment to service radios 415 communicating with oneor more LMR sites 430. Accordingly, the interoperability gateway 400 isconfigured to mirror the functionality of the LMR system 420 byutilizing up to twelve control stations 425, each designated to mirrorone of the channels (control or voice) supported by the simulcast LMRsystem 420. In some embodiments, one control station 425 monitors acontrol channel supported by the LMR system 420, while each of theremaining control stations 425 are dedicated to one of the voicechannels. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, control station 425A may bededicated as the control channel, and each of the remaining controlstations 425 are dedicated to one of the voice channels. In someembodiments, all control stations 425 may monitor the control channel,and the assignment of a control station 425 to an RF channel may bedirected via the gateway controller 450.

The interoperability gateway 400 includes an interoperability sitenetwork interface (ISNI) 450 (also referred to herein as controller orgateway controller) that is connected to the control stations 425 overan IP network 440. The controller 450 controls operation of theinteroperability gateway 400 by performing various functions including,but not limited to, monitoring the wired connection between the dispatchcenter 410 and LMR system 420, automatically activating theinteroperability gateway 400 when the dispatch center 410 isdisconnected from the LMR system 420, processing calls placed on andreceived via the control stations 425, managing connectivity of thecontrol stations 425, and providing an interface between theinteroperability gateway 400 and the consoles 435 in the dispatch center410. In some embodiments, operation of the interoperability gateway 400also includes deactivating the interoperability gateway 400 in the eventthe dispatch center 410 is reconnected with the LMR system 420 via thewired connection.

Upon failure of the wired connection between the dispatch center 410 andthe LMR system 420, the controller 450 activates the interoperabilitygateway 400 and utilizes the control stations 425 to establish an RFconnection 405 between the dispatch center 410 and the LMR system 420.When a call is originated from the LMR system 420 on a voice channel,the call is received by the corresponding control station 425, whichforwards the call over the IP network 440 to the controller 450, whichthen passes the call to the console 435. When a call is originated froma console 435, the call is received by the controller 450, and the callis placed on the LMR system 420 using a transmit control station 425.The transmit control station 425 is a control station 425 that isassigned a voice channel and is configured to the voice channel totransmit the call to the LMR system 420. In some embodiments, thecontrol station 425 previously assigned to the voice channel of the LMRsystem 420 is then reconfigured to become the transmit control station425 to accommodate a call from the console 435 on that same voicechannel.

As discussed above, the interoperability gateway 400 provides the backupconsole functionality by allocating a control station 425 for eachchannel available at the disconnected LMR system 420, rather thanallocating a control station for each TalkGroup. When compared toconventional dispatch console backup schemes, which allocate controlstations for each TalkGroup, the disclosed interoperability gatewaysystem greatly reduces the equipment needed to provide dispatch consolebackup, thereby decreasing equipment and operation costs, andsimplifying operation by providing a solution that is virtuallytransparent to the dispatcher.

In some embodiments, the disclosed interoperability gateway is capableof providing functionality for communicating between different LMRsystems. For example, the interoperability gateway may convert a voicetype or call type from one LMR system to a voice type or call typesuitable for a different LMR system. FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate exampleembodiments of various implementations of the disclosed interoperabilitygateway to provide communication between various LMR systems.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example embodiment wherein the interoperabilitygateway 500 is implemented to provide interoperability between a singletrunking LMR site 520 and a P25 LMR system 540. The interoperabilitygateway 500 includes control stations 525 connected to one or morecontrollers 530 via an IP network 535. The single trunking LMR site 520is an eight-channel trunking LMR system 520 capable of supporting manyTalkGroups while utilizing one control channel and up to seven voicechannels at a given moment to service radios 515 communicating with thetrunking LMR site 520. The P25 LMR system 540 may include one or moreLMR sites 545 providing communication between one or more radios 544. Inthe embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, an additional controller 530 isimplemented to provide redundancy.

The interoperability gateway 500 is configured to mirror thefunctionality of the trunking LMR site 520 by utilizing up to eightcontrol stations 525, each designed to mirror one of the channelssupported by the trunking LMR site 520. In some embodiments, one controlstation 525 monitors a control channel supported by the trunking LMRsite 520, while each of the remaining control stations 525 are dedicatedto one of the voice channels. In some embodiments, the control stations525 may be dynamically assigned to a channel by the controller 530.Accordingly, the interoperability gateway 500 mirrors the trunking LMRsite 520 by allocating a control station 525 to each of the channelssupported by the trunking LMR site 520.

The interoperability gateway 500 provides interoperability between thetrunking LMR site 520 and the P25 LMR system 540 by processing callsbetween the trunking LMR site 520 and the P25 LMR system 540. Theinteroperability gateway 500 establishes an RF connection 550 betweenthe trunking LMR site 520 and the interoperability gateway 500. When acall is originated from the trunking LMR site 520 on a voice channel,the call is received by the corresponding control station 525, whichforwards the call over the IP network 535 to the controller 530, whichconverts the call to P25 protocol and connects the call with the P25 LMRsystem 540. In some embodiments, the call may be sent from thecontroller 530 to the console 560, and then directed to the P25 LMRsystem 540. When a call is originated from the P25 LMR system 540, thecall is received by the controller 530, and the call is placed on thetrunking LMR site 520 using a transmit control station 525. The transmitcontrol station 525 is assigned a voice channel and is configured to thevoice channel to transmit the P25 call to the trunking LMR site 520. Insome embodiments, the previously assigned control station 525 for thevoice channel is then reconfigured to become the transmit controlstation 525.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example embodiment wherein one or moreinteroperability gateways 600 are implemented to provideinteroperability between a plurality of trunking LMR sites 620 and a P25LMR system 640, wherein the trunking LMR sites 620 are connected througha controller 610 in a multicast configuration. In the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 6, a call can be setup on a particular site 620, orit can be placed as a wide area call spanning multiple sites 620.Additionally, TalkGroups may be restricted or zoned to particular sites620 based on system settings. For example, in the embodiment illustratedin FIG. 6, a first group 601 of sites 620 communicate using a firstsubset of TalkGroups, a second group 602 of sites 620 communicate usinga second subset of TalkGroups, and a third group 603 of sites 620communicate using a third subset of TalkGroups.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6, the interoperability gateways600 connect the plurality of LMR sites 620 to the P25 LMR system 640 viaIP network 650. Specifically, each interoperability gateway 600 providesinteroperability between a particular group of TalkGroups via the sites620 and the P25 LMR system 640. For example, interoperability betweeneach of the sites 620 in the first group 601 and the P25 LMR system 640is provided by a first interoperability gateway 600A. Similarly,interoperability between each of the sites 620 in the second group 602and the P25 LMR system 640 is provided by a second interoperabilitygateway 600B, and interoperability between each of the sites 620 in thethird group 603 and the P25 LMR system 640 is provided by a thirdinteroperability gateway 600C. Each of the interoperability gateways 600provide interoperability on the subset of TalkGroups assigned to theinteroperability gateway's respective group of sites 620, and each ofthe interoperability gateways 600 connects via an RF link to aparticular LMR site 620 within the respective gateway's group of sites620.

In the example embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6, each gateway 600 ismapped to the channels of a particular group of sites 620. However, byrestricting each gateway 600 to provide communication on a set ofchannels, the channel resources used for a set of TalkGroups can bereduced. Calls that are not required or intended for one group of sites620 is not placed on the interoperability gateway 600 corresponding tothe unintended group of sites 620. Thus, the channel resources for theunintended group of sites 620 are not utilized and remain available.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6, each interoperability gateway600 is flexible and can be strategically located at multiple siteswithin the multicast system based on certain data such as existing fleetmap and user activities. In some embodiments, a dummy LMR site may becreated to serve as a gateway site to link all TalkGroups within themulticast system through an interoperability gateway 600. Because theinteroperability gateway 600 is located on the dummy site, there is noneed for additional RF equipment, such as an antenna system, to allowthe dummy site to connect to the interoperability gateway 600. Theinteroperability gateway control stations can access the dummy site overan RF connection in a local environment without the need for expensiveantenna, Multicoupler, and combiner equipment.

Referring now to FIG. 7, an example flow diagram 700 is providedillustrating a method in accordance with the disclosed system forproviding backup connection between a dispatch center and a Land MobileRadio (LMR) system when the dispatch center is disconnected from the LMRsystem. At block 701, a controller detects the disconnection between thedispatch center and the LMR system. At block 702, a communication linkbetween the dispatch center and the disconnected LMR system isestablished by one or more of the control stations. At block 703, thecontroller allocates a first one of the control stations as a controlchannel for the disconnected LMR system in response to detecting thedisconnection between the dispatch center and the LMR system. At block704, the controller allocates a second one of the control stations as avoice channel for communicating with the disconnected LMR system overthe voice channel.

In accordance with one or more embodiments, the disclosedinteroperability gateway may support a unique set of TalkGroups(interoperability TalkGroups). Thus, a call on a TalkGroup may not beattempted through multiple LMR sites or through multiple controllers.

In some embodiments, TalkGroup IDs may be maintained across LMR systemsconnected by the disclosed interoperability gateway. Eachinteroperability TalkGroup ID on a connected LMR system may be mapped toa corresponding P25 TalkGroup ID on the P25 LMR system. This allowsusers to maintain their existing TalkGroup ID on the connected LMRsystem while creating new TalkGroups on the P25 system, thereby allowingmapping a connected LMR system TalkGroup to the same ID on the P25TalkGroup.

Dynamic user IDs may be configured, in some embodiments, to indicate ifthe user is a radio user or a dispatcher. In some embodiments, when acall is placed originating from the P25 LMR system, the P25 LMR systemuser ID may be used even though the call may be placed through thecontrol station. Conversely, when a call is placed originating from aconnected LMR system, the user ID from the connected LMR system may beused. In some embodiments, when a console originated call is placed onthe P25 LMR system, the interoperability gateway may place the call onthe P25 LMR system as a console originated call to enable consolepreemption and parallel console functionality.

In some embodiments, the interoperability gateway may allow using afixed user ID to place calls between a P25 LMR system and a connectedLMR system. In such embodiments, when a P25 originated call is placed onthe connected LMR system, the call is placed through the control stationand the user ID of the control station or a dummy user ID is used. Whena call is originated from the connected LMR system and placed on the P25LMR system, a dummy P25 user ID may be used. A fixed user configurationmay be useful, for example, when it is not possible to enter the P25user IDs into the connected LMR system.

In some embodiments, each interoperability P25 TalkGroup configured inthe interoperability gateway can be configured as confirmed orunconfirmed. If the TalkGroup is configured as confirmed, then, forcalls originated from the connected LMR system, the interoperabilitygateway will wait for a successful response from all interested P25sites before setting up the call. If the TalkGroup is configured asunconfirmed, then, for calls originated from the connected LMR system,the interoperability gateway will not wait for successful responses fromall interested P25 sites before setting up the call.

In some embodiments, if the interoperability gateway receives a calloriginated from the connected LMR system, and identifies thecorresponding TalkGroup as an unconfirmed TalkGroup, theinteroperability gateway sends a proceed message to all interested P25sites, and sends the voice stream without waiting for a call responsefrom the interested sites. If the interoperability gateway receives acall originated from the connected LMR system, and identifies thecorresponding TalkGroup as a confirmed TalkGroup, the interoperabilitygateway sends the call request to all interested P25 sites, and waitsfor a successful response from each site before setting up the call.Once a successful response is received from all interested P25 sites,the interoperability gateway sends a proceed message followed by thevoice stream. In some embodiments, during the call setup period, thecontroller may queue up any voice data received from the connected LMRsystem to ensure voice integrity.

In some embodiments, a console originated call may be treated as a radiocall originated from the connected LMR system. However, the user ID willindicate to the interoperability gateway that the call is originatedfrom a dispatcher. In some embodiments, the interoperability gatewaywill proxy as a regular, dispatch console and setup the call on the P25LMR system as a console originated call enabling additional featuressuch as, for example, parallel console, console preemption, and consolepriority. Regarding the parallel console feature, a console originatedcall from a trunking LMR system will appear to the regular dispatchconsole users as a parallel console originated call. Regarding theconsole preemption feature, LMR system console originated calls willappear to the P25 LMR sites as a regular console originated call whichwill preempt any radio user call on the same TalkGroup on the P25 LMRsystem. Regarding the console priority feature, a LMR system consoleoriginated call will appear to the P25 LMR sites as a regular consoleoriginated call. As such, if the call gets queued, it will have higherpriority in the queue over a radio originated call.

In some embodiments, when the interoperability gateway receives a calloriginated from a P25 LMR site on a confirmed TalkGroup, theinteroperability gateway sends the call request to the connected LMRsite through a control station. Once it receives a channel grant fromthe connected LMR site, the interoperability gateway sends a response tothe originating P25 LMR site to complete the call setup. When theinteroperability gateway receives a call originated from a P25 LMR siteon an unconfirmed TalkGroup, the interoperability gateway receives theproceed message and sets up the call on the connected LMR system througha control station. Because the call is setup as unconfirmed, the P25 LMRsite user may start transmitting the voice packets before the call issetup on the connected LMR system.

In some embodiments, if a P25 LMR system originated call is queued inthe connected LMR system, the interoperability gateway may send a queueresponse to the P25 LMR site indicating the call is queued. When thecall is granted in the connected LMR system, the interoperabilitygateway sends the successful call response to the P25 LMR system, whichtriggers the originating P25 LMR site to complete the call setup.

In some embodiments, if a P25 LMR system originated call is queued inthe P25 LMR system, the call will already be setup in the connected LMRsystem while it is still queued in the P25 LMR site. When the call setupis completed in the P25 LMR system, the P25 voice data is sent to theconnected LMR system.

In some embodiments, a console originated call may be setup as a radiooriginated call on the connected LMR system. The dispatch user ID mayindicate to the connected LMR system that the call is originated by theconsole and, if the connected LMR system can support priority based onuser ID, the console originated call may be given higher priority in theconnected LMR system.

In some embodiments, the disclosed system may accommodate an emergencycall, wherein the call request and voice stream from either theconnected LMR system or the P25 LMR system indicates if a call isoriginated as an emergency call. In some embodiments, an emergency calloriginated on the connected LMR system will be setup as an emergencycall on the P25 LMR system, and vice versa.

In some embodiments, the disclosed system may accommodate an emergencypreemption, which allows a system to terminate an ongoing regular callon a TalkGroup to setup an emergency call on that TalkGroup.

In some embodiments, the disclosed system may accommodate an emergencyalarm, which allows a subscriber unit to send an emergency indicationover a control channel without using a voice resource. The emergencyalarm is forwarded to all dispatch console positions monitoring theTalkGroup. In one embodiment, when a P25 LMR system user sends anemergency alarm, the P25 LMR site sends the emergency alarm to theinteroperability gateway. If the interoperability gateway is configuredfor the TalkGroup, it will send the emergency alarm to the connected LMRsystem through a control station. The user ID of the originating P25user may be used to send the emergency alarm. In some embodiments, theemergency alarm may be received by the Gold elite console through theconnected LMR system.

In some embodiments the disclosed system may accommodate an end-to-endencryption scheme, which allows encrypted voice packets originated fromthe LMR system to be transmitted to the P25 system without decryption ofsuch voice packets. The encrypted voice packets originated from the P25system may be transmitted on the LMR system without decrypting theencrypted packets. This provides an end-to-end encryption function ofLMR system.

In some embodiments an encrypted call from one system can be decryptedand re-encrypted by the interoperability gateway to provide differentencryption schemes in the two systems. This allows each system tomaintain its own voice security scheme while allowing end-to-endencryption.

In some embodiments, an encrypted call on one system can be decrypted bythe interoperability gateway and placed on the other system as clear(non-encrypted) call. This may be useful in scenarios where encryptionis required in one system and is either not required or not possible inthe other system.

In some embodiments, the disclosed system may provide dynamic deploymentof dispatch consoles with full access to all system TalkGroups, whilethe existing consoles remain active. For example, a mobile commandvehicle or temporary dispatch center may be deployed in the event oflarge gatherings or crises.

In some embodiments, the disclosed system may provide seamless roamingby radios between P25 LMR systems without the use of direct wiredconnections between the LMR system infrastructures. This may be a backupor alternative to the P25 Inter Sub System Interface (IS SI) capabilityspecified in P25 standards, which defines seamless radio roaming betweenP25 trunking systems.

In some embodiments, the disclosed system may provide data functionalitybetween P25 LMR systems, users, and the dispatch equipment without theuse of direct wired connections with LMR system infrastructures. Thismay be a backup connection for data solution or data solution betweenLMR system and console and related equipment deployed in a mobilecommand vehicle or center.

A number of additional and alternative embodiments of the disclosedsystem and method may be provided without departing from the spirit orscope of the present disclosure as set forth in the aspects providedherein. These various embodiments are believed to be understood by oneof ordinary skill in the art in view of the present disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A gateway system for providing backup connectionbetween a dispatch center and a Land Mobile Radio (LMR) system when awired connection of the dispatch center is disconnected from the LMRsystem, the gateway system comprising: a controller configured to detectthe disconnection of the wired connection between (i) the dispatchcenter and (ii) the LMR system, wherein the dispatch center comprises aconsole for a dispatcher, and wherein the LMR system comprises aplurality of service radios on a plurality of talkgroups; a firstcontrol station coupled to the controller, wherein the first controlstation is configured to establish a first voice channel connecting theconsole of the dispatch center to the disconnected LMR system, the voicechannel comprising a first wireless radio frequency communication linkbetween the dispatch center and the disconnected LMR system, the firstvoice channel carrying traffic associated with at least a first portionof the plurality of service radios on a first portion of the pluralityof talk groups; a second control station coupled to the controller,wherein the second control station is configured to establish a secondvoice channel connecting the console of the dispatch center to thedisconnected LMR system, the second voice channel comprising a secondwireless radio frequency communication link between the dispatch centerand the disconnected LMR system, the second voice channel carryingtraffic associated with at least a second portion of the plurality ofservices radios on a second portion of the plurality of talk groups; anda third control station coupled to the controller, wherein the thirdcontrol station is configured to establish a first control channelconnecting the dispatch center to the disconnected LMR system, the firstcontrol channel comprising a third wireless radio frequencycommunication link between the dispatch center and the disconnected LMRsystem, the first control channel carrying control data associated withat least a portion of at least one of the first plurality of talk groupsor the second plurality of talk groups, wherein the controller isfurther configured to, in response to detecting a reconnection of thewired connection of the dispatch center to the LMR system, deactivatethe first, second, and third control station.
 2. The gateway system ofclaim 1, wherein the plurality of service radios comprise P25 radiofrequency transceivers communicating wirelessly with the disconnectedLMR system.
 3. A system for providing backup connection between adispatch center and a Land Mobile Radio (LMR) system when a wiredconnection of the dispatch center is disconnected from the LMR system,the system comprising: a controller configured to detect thedisconnection between the dispatch center and the LMR system; two ormore control stations coupled to the controller via an Internet Protocol(IP) network, wherein at least one of the two or more control stationsis configured to establish a separate wireless radio frequencycommunication link between the dispatch center and the disconnected LMRsystem; and wherein the controller is further configured to, in responseto detecting the disconnection, allocate a first one of the two or morecontrol stations as a control channel comprising a first radio frequencyfor a plurality of talk groups for the disconnected LMR system, andallocate a second one of the two or more control stations as a voicechannel comprising a second radio frequency for communicating with thedisconnected LMR system over the voice channel by transmitting andreceiving voice calls for the plurality of talk groups, between thedisconnected LMR system and a console of the dispatch center, whereinthe voice calls comprise radio transmissions of a plurality of serviceradios communicating wirelessly and on the plurality of talk groups withthe disconnected LMR system, and a first portion of the voice callsbeing between services radios and a second portion of the voice callsbeing between the dispatch center associated with the disconnected wiredconnection to the disconnected LMR system and services radios.
 4. Thesystem of claim 3, wherein each of the two or more control stationsmirror a channel supported by the disconnected LMR system.
 5. The systemof claim 3, wherein each of the two or more control stations areconfigured to monitor the control channel of the disconnected LMRsystem.
 6. The system of claim 3, wherein the control channel and thevoice channel are configured to terminate in response to thereconnection of the connection of the dispatch center and thedisconnected LMR system.
 7. The system of claim 3, wherein thecontroller is configured to provide an interface between the system andthe console of the dispatch center.
 8. The system of claim 3, whereinthe system is configured to process voice calls received from theplurality of service radios communicating wirelessly with thedisconnected LMR system via the control station allocated as the voicechannel, wherein the plurality of service radios comprise P25 radiofrequency transceivers communicating wirelessly and on the plurality oftalk groups with the disconnected LMR system.
 9. The system of claim 3,wherein the system is configured to process voice calls placed from thedispatch center to the disconnected LMR system via the control stationallocated as the voice channel.
 10. A method for providing backupconnection between a dispatch center and a Land Mobile Radio (LMR)system when a wired connection of the dispatch center is disconnectedfrom the LMR system, the method comprising: detecting, via a controller,the disconnection of the wired connection between (i) the dispatchcenter and iii) the LMR system, wherein the dispatch center comprises aconsole for a dispatcher, and wherein the LMR system comprises aplurality of service radios on a plurality of talk groups; establishing,via a first control station coupled to the controller, a first voicechannel comprising a first wireless radio frequency communication linkbetween the dispatch center and the disconnected LMR system, the firstvoice channel carrying traffic associated with at least a first portionof the plurality of service radios on a first portion of the pluralityof talk groups; establishing, via a second control station coupled tothe controller, a second voice channel comprising a second wirelessradio frequency communication link between the dispatch center and thedisconnected LMR system, the second voice channel carrying trafficassociated with at least a second portion of the plurality of serviceradios on a second portion of the plurality of talk groups; andestablishing, via a third control station coupled to the controller, afirst control channel connecting the dispatch center to the disconnectedLMR system, the first control channel comprising a third wireless radiofrequency communication link between the dispatch center and thedisconnected LMR system, the first control channel carrying control dataassociated with at least a portion of at least one of the firstplurality of talk groups or the second plurality of talk groups, whereinthe controller is further configured to, in response to detecting areconnection of the wired connection of the dispatch center to the LMRsystem, deactivate the first, second, and third control station.
 11. Themethod of claim 10, wherein the controller is configured to provide aninterface between the LMR system and the console of the dispatch center.